1 三合一電驅(qū)系統(tǒng)概
圖1 三合一電驅(qū)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)
2、三合一電驅(qū)系統(tǒng)可靠性研究的依據(jù)
汽車產(chǎn)品可靠性是指在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)、一定條件下，無故障地執(zhí)行功能的能力或可能性。對(duì)于機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)，其失效約90%來源于疲勞。可靠性可定義為：如果結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了不可修復(fù)性故障，其可靠性可等同于耐久性；若故障可修復(fù)，其可靠性就是產(chǎn)品大修期、報(bào)廢期或者退役期對(duì)應(yīng)的耐久性。
3、三合一電驅(qū)系統(tǒng)對(duì)可靠性試驗(yàn)技術(shù)要求的選擇與應(yīng)用
3.1 電子/電氣元件機(jī)械負(fù)荷可靠性試驗(yàn)方法選擇
在三合一電驅(qū)總成系統(tǒng)中對(duì)電子/電氣元件機(jī)械負(fù)荷可靠性考核將使用ISO 19453-3-2018標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，主要有以下幾點(diǎn)原因：
三合一電驅(qū)系統(tǒng)的電子/電氣部件機(jī)械負(fù)荷可靠性技術(shù)要求：
3.2 電機(jī)、減速器機(jī)械可靠性試驗(yàn)方法的應(yīng)用
3.2.1 電動(dòng)汽車用驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)可靠性試驗(yàn)方法介紹與分析
借鑒汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)可靠性測(cè)試規(guī)范，采用定轉(zhuǎn)速、變化轉(zhuǎn)矩的工作模式且選用3個(gè)不同電壓平臺(tái)，對(duì)新能源驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)的可靠性進(jìn)行考核，同時(shí)試驗(yàn)對(duì)于不同車型的電機(jī)測(cè)試時(shí)間有所不同。圖2所示的是單個(gè)循環(huán)的試驗(yàn)工況，其中nN為被試電機(jī)額定轉(zhuǎn)速，ns為試驗(yàn)過程中被試電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速設(shè)定值（r/min），當(dāng)電壓為額定電壓或者電壓時(shí)，ns=1.1×nN；而電壓為電壓時(shí)，ns =電壓/電壓×nN；Tpp為被試驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)在峰值功率的額定扭矩（N·m），當(dāng)電壓為電壓時(shí)， Tpp=峰值功率/ns；當(dāng)電壓為電壓時(shí)，Tpp=峰值功率/nN；TN為被試驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)的額定扭矩（N·m）；t為時(shí)間。
圖2 電動(dòng)汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)可靠性測(cè)試循環(huán)示意圖
試驗(yàn)加載循環(huán)過程如表1所示，總測(cè)試時(shí)間為402 h，結(jié)合電動(dòng)汽車自身供電單元特性，電機(jī)及控制系統(tǒng)電壓采用浮動(dòng)電壓，先在額定電壓下運(yùn)行320 h，在電壓和電壓下各運(yùn)行40 h，最后在額定工作電壓、額定功率下運(yùn)行2 h。
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