通過在擁有豐富的不同道路使用者之間交互的模擬交通流中進行訓練，自動駕駛汽車才能獲得在復雜的城市環境中處理復雜交通條件的能力。交通流仿真又分為宏觀交通仿真，微觀交通仿真等。宏觀交通仿真是模擬大規模路網運行能力和狀況的有效工具，一般比較適合應用交通管理措施評估的場景，以及自動駕駛車輛將來用于出行服務方面的研究。對于自動駕駛車輛的驗證，目前微觀交通仿真的手段用的多。微觀交通仿真的目的是描述特定的車輛行為，因此可以用來模擬連續車道和交叉路口的交通情況。微觀交通仿真對于自動駕駛尤其重要。
自動駕駛仿真產業鏈可以簡單分類如下圖：
來源：佐思汽研
上圖的每個節點，都有若干的企業或機構在進行研究，從而構成龐大的產業鏈。深入分析自動駕駛仿真產業鏈，佐思汽研發現并存著兩種模式：一種是一體化仿真，另一種是聯合仿真。一體化仿真是指巨頭企業利用資金實力（自研或并購）打通產業鏈，形成盡量獨立且的仿真能力；而聯合仿真則是不同仿真企業之間緊密合作，通過產品對接，聯合實現仿真任務。
由于汽車和交通仿真的復雜性，傳統仿真企業基本都是獨立研發某一子系統（或軟件模塊），然后相互之間開放接口，最終以聯合仿真的模式實現某個仿真項目。如多數傳感器仿真軟件，都能實現與車輛動力學仿真軟件 CarSim、CarMaker、VeDYNA 的兼容對接。 歐洲CoExist項目也是聯合仿真的案例之一。CoExist項目由來自7個國家的15個合作方組成，包括德國PTV Group、法國VEDECOM、Renault，西門子TASS和斯圖加特大學等。
下圖是項目的工作流程：
CoExist項目的聯合仿真是在VEDECOM控制邏輯，西門子的Prescan軟件和微觀仿真軟件PTV Vissim之間實現的對接運行。其中的場地數據是在海爾蒙德市的測試道路上結合實際交通環境下采集得到，并進一步分析數據和自動駕駛的跟車行為特性。
隨著ANSYS，西門子等傳統仿真巨頭通過收購，、百度、華為等新興IT巨頭依靠龐大的資金實力，業務幾乎涵蓋了車輛及傳感器仿真，交通流仿真和場景庫建設。那么，專注于某一環節的仿真企業如何在自動駕駛發展浪潮中保持自身優勢呢？佐思汽研和擅長交通流仿真的PTV Group 中國區總經理沈暢進行了交流。
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