1747-L553 我們經常在電解電容的規格書中看到電解電容的壽命一般是2000小時，長點的可能5000小時，不由得冒出一個問題，一天24小時，如果一個產品每天工作12小時，如果選型的是2000小時的電解電容，那它不是只能使用不到200天嗎？真的是這樣嗎？查閱了資料之后發現不是這樣算的。
分析
電解電容器的壽命主要受溫度的影響。通常，溫度每降低10°C 電解電容的預期壽命會增加一倍。因此，建議在低于規格書中保證的溫度之內，以盡可能低的溫度使用電解電容器。因為如果工作溫度超過規格書中的保證極限，電容器的電參數會下降，在最壞的情況下極有損壞的危險。因為電解電容是靠其內部的電解液來工作的，而電解液會不斷蒸發變少，溫度越高，蒸發越快，從而會大大減少電解電容的壽命。那么如何分析電解電容的溫升呢？
要計算電解電容的工作溫度，必須考慮以下因素：
環境溫度
電容器紋波電流引起的溫升。這個值基本上取決于電容器的ESR，也就是其內部電阻，以及工作頻率。
在同一電路板上，靠近電容器的其他電子組件（功率晶體管，穩壓器，功率電阻器等）傳導和輻射的熱量。
電解電容結構
壽命計算
計算公式
L 1：在溫度T1時的保證壽命（以小時為單位），也就是電解電容規格書中給出的壽命值。
L 2：在溫度T2下的預期壽命（以小時為單位）。
T 1：電解電容規格書中給出的工作溫度。
T 2：電解電容實際工作的工作溫度。
舉個例子，例如某電解電容在溫度為105℃時，壽命為2000小時。根據計算公式，如果電解電容實際工作的溫度是40℃，可以計算出其工作壽命是2000*2^（105-40）/10=181019H。但是事實上我們一般是知道設計壽命，然后根據設計壽命計算溫升，比如說如果產品的設計使用壽命為3年，也就是26280小時。則10*log2（26280/2000）=37.3℃，那么設計工作溫度不能超過65℃。
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