LXM32MD85N4
盤點汽車無線充電技術之前我們來聊聊無線充電與汽車無線充電的區別。“隔空充電”聽起來挺高端也挺“黑科技”,但實質上就是無線充電的一種,從使用方式來看,目前無線充電擁有三個大類:電磁感應、射頻以及電磁諧振無線充電。這幾種技術分別適用于近程、中短程與遠程電力傳送。
大家目前所使用的手機、耳機等無線充電方式,實際就是電磁感應無線充電,但其充電設備必須具備有線圈,而且在極近的距離下觸碰才能夠正常工作。
而小米所發布的隔空充電技術則是采用的射頻無線充電,通過內置的天線發射無線信號,被充電設備接收信號后,會把無線信號轉換為電力,實現充電。其無線充電的工作距離可以達到數米,這也是為何小米會把它作為重點技術進行專門發布。
最后一項電磁諧振無線充電同樣也需要線圈,但該技術的工作距離更遠;從技術特性上來講,電磁諧振無線充電解決了電磁感應帶來的觸控充電、充電位置以及充電設備多等問題,并且在使用成本上在三種無線充電中,使用便捷性要更高一些。同時也是當下車企研發的重要方向之一。
■汽車無線充電的難點在哪?
雖然我們已經列舉出來,目前市面上采用的無線充電技術,但對于汽車無線充電來說雖然解決了用戶們的“無感充電”體驗以及充電帶來的占用空間等問題,但對于充電技術來說,依舊存在無法逾越的障礙。
充電效率慢
首先便是無線充電技術遲遲未能變現商業化,目前乘用車充電功率僅達11千瓦,但其充電效率過低等同于傳統有線傳導式充電,整體設備成本相應會變大,相對應一塊幾千瓦的無線充電面板的售價在1萬元左右,而其充電效率等同于廠商附送的交流慢充樁。而這樣的來看,充電效率一樣的狀態下,對于空間的要求與有線充電近乎無疑,這就與家用充電樁無不異同。
而現在的汽車充電,一小部分乘用車無線充電系統的方案輸出功率超過了20千瓦,但大部分方案的功率只有不足10千瓦;同時,無線充電過程中其整流這一系列變電過程中,充電傳輸效率最快僅達到80%,相比有線充電效率能夠達到95%對比,無線充電僅能算是低效低能的充電辦法。
充電安全難
點便是充電安全難。目前新能源市場可以說剛剛在行業層面解決了電池起火、電池自燃等問題,但在安全角度來看,汽車無線充電技術首要的安全問題就是電磁波傳遞能量的手段。
相較手機、耳機無線充電發熱問題,汽車的電磁輻射大小是否會對人體產生傷害,不僅需要技術層面的具體論證,同時也需要用戶心理的安全建設。既然如此,單一的學習成本就已經夠全行業投入更多的人力物力與財力。并且,無線充電基礎設施的建設依舊是挑戰。對于現在的汽車充電聯盟,建設無線充電停車場不難,但作為公共資源能否普及,普及之后應用場景等都是需要面對的。
無線充電規范!
最后一項也是無線充電技術需要最終是的地點——無線充電的國家標準。新的技術需要普及,標準必須要先統一;在2020年初國家標準化管理在公告中發布了《電動汽車無線充電系統第1部分:通用要求》(GB/T38775.1);《電動汽車無線充電系統第2部分:車載充電機與充電設備之間的通信協議》(GB/T38775.2)等共4項國家標準。規范了技術要求、性能要求、功能要求以及測試要求及試驗方法、互操作性要求等多種要求;
(國內針對汽車無線充電研發團隊)
但從目前的發展規劃來看,2020年無線充電互聯互通的標準才頒布大半,2022年,無線充電設施標準才會頒布。在這之前都是摸索和制定標準的過程,想要用上難度不小。參照新能源企業針對電池研究期限,該項技術至少是在未來十年才能夠足矣完善。
但不可否認的是一小部分走在科技前沿的企業針對無線充電技術的研究頗有心得,雖然未能成功實現量產,也足矣讓更多品牌伙伴看到其技術的先進性。
LXM32MD85N4
KLA Tencor 2131 2132 2552 Defect Wafer Inspection Sys
KLA-Tencor Surfscan 6200 Wafer Surface Analysis System
KLA TENCOR 2131 WAFER DEFECT INSPECTION SYSTEM
KLA TENCOR CRS-1010S 200MM WAFR CONFOCAL REVIEW STATION
Wyko Veeco NT2000 Optical Profiler Zygo KLA Tencor
KLA-Tencor Prometrix FT-750 Film Thickness Measurement
KLA-Tencor Prometrix FT-750 Film Thickness Measurement
KLA-Tencor CRS 3000 300MM COMPLETE SYSTEM
KLA Tencor Ultrapointe Laser Imaging System LIS-1010
KLA Tencor Surfscan 4500
KLA-Tencor Prometrix FT-600 Film Thickness Measurement
KLA-Tencor 2139 ECS Theta Z Assy. 740-695328-000 new
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Upper Opto-Mech NNC 0024755-001
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Rear Collector Assy. 0032129-000
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Front Collector Assy. 0032131-001
KLA-Tencor AIT Upper Opto-Mech 0024755-000 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Collector Assy. 0074311-000 working
KLA-Tencor AIT Rear Collector Assy. 0074307-000 working
KLA-Tencor AIT2 AIT3 Rear Collector Assy. 562556
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Upper Optoc-Mech 0024755-001 working
KLA-Tencor Surfscan 6220 Inspection Tool AS-IS
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Measurement Head 0021726-001 working
KLA Tencor 2135 CMP Wafer Inspection Robot Loader Assy
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Optics Module 0099610-000 untested
KLA-Tencor 2139 Software v5.3.49 Standard 0027325-000
KLA TENCOR DIGITAL DEFLECTION GENERATOR 701-603180-003
KLA - Tencor KIT , 190 ANALYZER FRU II 0145772-000
PRI KLA-Tencor Robot Track TRA035-LPS working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 3 Front Collector Assy. 562610
KLA-Tencor Quantox 64000 Cooling Module working
KLA-Tencor Quantox 64000 Cooling Module working
KLA-Tencor AIT2 CPM Power Assembly 0218541-000
KLA-Tencor 2139 Sony DXC-9000 Camera 740-772299-000 Kit
KLA-Tencor 2135 Vertical Illuminator 760-663761-001 new
KLA-Tencor 2135 to 2138 Upgrade Kit 780-696341-000
KLA-Tencor 780-689330-000 5.2 Autoloader XP UP Kit 2139
KLA-Tencor 2138 Motorized 200mm Retrofit 780-666008-000
KLA - Tencor eS35 IA Board PN: 0134014-002
KLA-TENCOR 0111816-000 MCP10-DPRC CARD MERCURY COMPUTER
KLA-Tencor NEAT CRS1010 200mm Wafer Stage Controller
KLA-Tencor SLX MAC Box Assy. 770-336660-001 untested
KLA-Tencor AIT Lens Module 0034691-000 working
KLA-Tencor 2139 Dual CPU Computer 740-695784-001
KLA/Tencor/Tokyo Electron VIP Card Board TEL
KLA Tencor Camera Timer 710-714647-00
KLA TENCOR IMAGE DATA STORAGE SYSTEM 710-612545-004/AA
Aerotech KLA-Tencor Aerotech DR 500 Controller 510432
Aerotech KLA-Tencor AIT 2 DR 500 Controller 510432
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Timing Generator Board 0053946-000
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 MMD Analog Board 565040 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 MMD Analog Board 565040 working
KLA-Tencor SLX RF Bench Assy. 740-336864-001 working
KLA-Tencor 301 I-Line RF Bench 740-323100-002 working
KLA-Tencor 710-680976-002 EMC WIB2 Board New
KLA-Tencor Cobra Shipping Filter Assy 0107339-000 Used
KLA-Tencor SLX Objective Lens 760-334096-000 Untested
KLA-Tencor 395005 Tropel 14X CYL Telescope-1 AIT2 New
KLA-Tencor AIT UV COLL Side Polarizer 0024476-001 New
KLA-Tencor Retrofit Optics Beamsplitter 0099602-001 New
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000
KLA-Tencor Cannon Box Magazine Assembly 740-060658-001
KLA Tencor 710-711754-00 Autofocus Board
KLA Tencor 710-711567-00 Communication interface II
KLA Tencor X/Y Interface 710-720011-01 Rev B6
KLA Tencor Sensor Buffer Board 710-710199-01
KLA Tencor Illumination Control 710-713250-01
KLA Tencor Cassette Controller Board 710-711879-01
KLA-Tencor SM300 (SpectraMap) Thin Film Mapping Tool
KLA-Tencor Wafer APS3 board AIT3 assy 546801 Rev: AC
COMDEL CPS SERIES RF GENERATOR KLA TENCOR POWER SUPPLY
KLA TENCOR XYI ASSY 710-610391-000/AB SN P841002056 REV
KLA-Tencor AIT APS Tower/Center Block 0071149-001 Used
KLA-Tencor AIT3XP APS NIC Tower 0034693-001 New
KLA Tencor MMD analog AIT UV 0021488-005 Rev. AA
KLA Tencor MMD analog AIT UV 0052196-007
KLA Tencor MMD analog AIT UV 0021488-004 Rev AA
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000 Used
KLA-Tencor Lower Octopole/Wein Lens 780-14108-000 Used
JDS Uniphase 2214-30SLQT Laser KLA-Tencor E137025
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 GPIO Board 386065 working
KLA-Tencor Lid Lift Leg Assy. 781-11759-000 working
KLA-Tencor CIP XP Column Extension Assy. 0110157-000
KLA-Tencor 486i Controller 0020839 Rev.AA working
KLA-Tencor CRS2000 Olympus Microscope Turret BH3-5NRE-M
KLA-Tencor High Voltage Control Module 52-1081
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 PSF Driver Board 556661 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 4-Channel Motor Control Board 363251
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 4-Channel Motor Control 261408 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 U500 Control Board 690D1470 working
KLA-Tencor Quantox High Voltage Control Module 52-1081
KLA-Tencor 8100 200mm XY Stage 780-10480-001 working
KLA-Tencor CRS1010 Camera Lens Filter 002001
KLA-Tencor CRS1010 Lens Filter Assy. 000056 working
Olympus KLA-Tencor AIT Microscope Turret 0034223-000
Olympus KLA-Tencor AIT Microscope Turret 529737
KLA-Tencor 710-663106-001 Dual Stepper Driver 2 New
KLA-Tencor 2139 Flipper Autoloader Kit 780-689642-000
KLA-Tencor CRS1010 Camera Filter Assy. 000056 working
KLA-Tencor CRS1010 Lens Filter Assy. 002001 working
KLA-Tencor Glentek Electronics Analyzer 0045454-000
KLA-Tencor SLX RF Bench Assy. 740-336864-001 untested
KLA-Tencor Rotary Transfer Arm 720-07360-000
KLA-Tencor XP Objective Lens 0110155-000 Untested
KLA-Tencor Newport AIT3 Mask Changer 556190 New
KLA-Tencor Laser Mod 0124593-000 New
KLA-Tencor AIT UV Laser Servo Detector 0099586-001 New
KLA Tencor PFE 4K Mask SFS7500 ASSY 213780 REV D
KLA Tencor PN: 770-809195-000 Image Processor Board
KLA Tencor 710-710112-01 Mechanical Drive Board
KLA Tencor 710-710112-00 Mechanical Drive Board
KLA Tencor 710-710112-01 Mechanical Drive Board
KLA Tencor 710-710112-00 Mechanical Drive Board
KLA-Tencor GPIO assy: 0052412-001 Rev: AA
KLA Tencor robot DISTR AIT2 530352 P/N 0035531-000
KLA TENCOR FELL PROBE HEAD TYPE C 50-0002-03
KLA-Tencor Upper Housing Assy. 781-21332-000 working
KLA - Tencor GPIO ASSY Board 0052412-001 REV.AB NEW
KLA-Tencor 395056 Tropel 2X mag conv lens NEW
KLA Tencor P/N 770-809195-000
KLA-Tencor Newport NNC, AIT3, XP Polarizer 0044232-001
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Illumination Board 556700 working
Sony KLA-Tencor AIT 2 PowerHAD Camera DXC-950 363170
KLA-Tencor Slide 12V Power Supply 740-658138-00 working
KLA-Tencor Quantox Head Control Module 64020 working
KLA-Tencor AIT 2 Servo Box Assy. 0039978-000 working
KLA-Tencor Spring Clamp Laser Servo Detect. 0124592-000
KLA-Tencor AIT/UV Laser Servo Detector 0099572-000 New
KLA-Tencor SLX Chirp Cell 760-333918-000
KLA-Tencor 10KV Floodgun Assembly 720-23189-000
KLA-Tencor SLX Dog/Wag Assembly 760-333026-001
KLA-Tencor Left Cassette Nest, 5.2 740-694842-000 New
KLA - Tencor optics assembly 2xxx 0024939-000 Y-Mirror
KLA-Tencor PCB ASSY , INTF-DIAG , ES32 NEW